Various forms of visual therapy have been used for centuries.[2] The concept of vision therapy was introduced in the late nineteenth century for the non-surgical treatment of misaligned eyes (strabismus). This early and traditional form of vision therapy is what is now known as 'orthoptics' - although this term does not limit the work of Orthoptists who today often work beyond the realm of strabismus.[3][4] Collaboration of some Eye care professionals with educators and neuroscientists produced an expansion of vision therapy into the treatment of other eye coordination (binocular) deficits as well as dysfunctions in visual focusing, perception, tracking and motor skills.